1,问题描述
707. 设计链表
难度:中等
你可以选择使用单链表或者双链表,设计并实现自己的链表。
单链表中的节点应该具备两个属性:val
和 next
。val
是当前节点的值,next
是指向下一个节点的指针/引用。
如果是双向链表,则还需要属性 prev
以指示链表中的上一个节点。假设链表中的所有节点下标从 0 开始。
实现 MyLinkedList
类:
MyLinkedList()
初始化 MyLinkedList
对象。
int get(int index)
获取链表中下标为 index
的节点的值。如果下标无效,则返回 -1
。
void addAtHead(int val)
将一个值为 val
的节点插入到链表中第一个元素之前。在插入完成后,新节点会成为链表的第一个节点。
void addAtTail(int val)
将一个值为 val
的节点追加到链表中作为链表的最后一个元素。
void addAtIndex(int index, int val)
将一个值为 val
的节点插入到链表中下标为 index
的节点之前。如果 index
等于链表的长度,那么该节点会被追加到链表的末尾。如果 index
比长度更大,该节点将 不会插入 到链表中。
void deleteAtIndex(int index)
如果下标有效,则删除链表中下标为 index
的节点。
示例:
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| 输入 ["MyLinkedList", "addAtHead", "addAtTail", "addAtIndex", "get", "deleteAtIndex", "get"] [[], [1], [3], [1, 2], [1], [1], [1]] 输出 [null, null, null, null, 2, null, 3]
解释 MyLinkedList myLinkedList = new MyLinkedList(); myLinkedList.addAtHead(1); myLinkedList.addAtTail(3); myLinkedList.addAtIndex(1, 2); // 链表变为 1->2->3 myLinkedList.get(1); // 返回 2 myLinkedList.deleteAtIndex(1); // 现在,链表变为 1->3 myLinkedList.get(1); // 返回 3
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提示:
0 <= index, val <= 1000
- 请不要使用内置的 LinkedList 库。
- 调用
get
、addAtHead
、addAtTail
、addAtIndex
和 deleteAtIndex
的次数不超过 2000
。
2,初步思考
感觉没什么难度,主要是边界条件需要注意一下,我直接使用的是单向链表处理
3,代码处理
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| class MyLinkedList {
private ListNode head = new ListNode(); private int size = 0;
public MyLinkedList() { }
public int get(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= size) return -1; int counter = 0; ListNode cur = head; while (cur != null) { if (counter == index + 1) { return cur.val; } cur = cur.next; counter++; } return -1; }
public void addAtHead(int val) { size++; ListNode node = new ListNode(val); node.next = head.next; head.next = node; }
public void addAtTail(int val) { size++; ListNode cur = head; while (cur.next != null) { cur = cur.next; } cur.next = new ListNode(val); }
public void addAtIndex(int index, int val) { if (index < 0 || index > size) return; ListNode node = new ListNode(val); size++; ListNode cur = head; int counter = 0; while (cur != null) { if (counter == index) { node.next = cur.next; cur.next = node; return; } counter++; cur = cur.next; } }
public void deleteAtIndex(int index) { if (size == 0 || index < 0 || index >= size) return; size--; ListNode cur = head; int counter = 0; while (cur != null) { if (counter == index) { cur.next = cur.next.next; return; } counter++; cur = cur.next; } } }
class ListNode { public int val; public ListNode next;
public ListNode() { }
public ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
public ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
public static ListNode create(int[] nums){ if (nums == null || nums.length == 0) { return null; } ListNode head = new ListNode(nums[0]); ListNode cur = head; for (int i = 1; i < nums.length; i++) { cur.next = new ListNode(nums[i]); cur = cur.next; } return head; } }
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4,官方题解
方法一:单向链表
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| class MyLinkedList { int size; ListNode head;
public MyLinkedList() { size = 0; head = new ListNode(0); }
public int get(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= size) { return -1; } ListNode cur = head; for (int i = 0; i <= index; i++) { cur = cur.next; } return cur.val; }
public void addAtHead(int val) { addAtIndex(0, val); }
public void addAtTail(int val) { addAtIndex(size, val); }
public void addAtIndex(int index, int val) { if (index > size) { return; } index = Math.max(0, index); size++; ListNode pred = head; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { pred = pred.next; } ListNode toAdd = new ListNode(val); toAdd.next = pred.next; pred.next = toAdd; }
public void deleteAtIndex(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= size) { return; } size--; ListNode pred = head; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { pred = pred.next; } pred.next = pred.next.next; } }
class ListNode { int val; ListNode next;
public ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; } }
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方法二:双向链表
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| class MyLinkedList { int size; ListNode head; ListNode tail;
public MyLinkedList() { size = 0; head = new ListNode(0); tail = new ListNode(0); head.next = tail; tail.prev = head; }
public int get(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= size) { return -1; } ListNode curr; if (index + 1 < size - index) { curr = head; for (int i = 0; i <= index; i++) { curr = curr.next; } } else { curr = tail; for (int i = 0; i < size - index; i++) { curr = curr.prev; } } return curr.val; }
public void addAtHead(int val) { addAtIndex(0, val); }
public void addAtTail(int val) { addAtIndex(size, val); }
public void addAtIndex(int index, int val) { if (index > size) { return; } index = Math.max(0, index); ListNode pred, succ; if (index < size - index) { pred = head; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { pred = pred.next; } succ = pred.next; } else { succ = tail; for (int i = 0; i < size - index; i++) { succ = succ.prev; } pred = succ.prev; } size++; ListNode toAdd = new ListNode(val); toAdd.prev = pred; toAdd.next = succ; pred.next = toAdd; succ.prev = toAdd; }
public void deleteAtIndex(int index) { if (index < 0 || index >= size) { return; } ListNode pred, succ; if (index < size - index) { pred = head; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { pred = pred.next; } succ = pred.next.next; } else { succ = tail; for (int i = 0; i < size - index - 1; i++) { succ = succ.prev; } pred = succ.prev.prev; } size--; pred.next = succ; succ.prev = pred; } }
class ListNode { int val; ListNode next; ListNode prev;
public ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; } }
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